Syndrome de Mallory-Weiss

Syndrome de Mallory-Weiss

Le syndrome de Mallory-Weiss est une dilacération longitudinale de la muqueuse du cardia, c'est-à-dire une déchirure superficielle de la muqueuse à la jonction entre l'œsophage et l'estomac. Elle est provoquée par des vomissements répétés et prolongés, ce qui aboutit à une hémorragie digestive haute parfois massive et mortelle (hématémèse).

Les pathologies responsables de vomissements répétés telles que les troubles du comportement alimentaire (boulimie) ou les patients ne respectant pas le régime alimentaire obligatoire après la pose d'un anneau gastrique, sont peu nombreuses, mais tout vomissement même dans le cadre d'une gastro-entérite infectieuse peut se compliquer d'un syndrome de ce type.

Ce syndrome a été décrit par George Kenneth Mallory et Soma Weiss en 1929.


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  • Mallory-Weiss syndrome — tearing of the tissues around the junction of the oesophagus (gullet) and stomach as a result of violent vomiting or straining to vomit. It is associated with haematemesis and perforation of the oesophagus. G. K. Mallory (1926 ), US pathologist;… …   Medical dictionary

  • Mallory-Weiss syndrome — tearing of the tissues around the junction of the oesophagus (gullet) and stomach as a result of violent vomiting or straining to vomit. It is associated with haematemesis and perforation of the oesophagus [K. Mallory (1926– ), US pathologist; S …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Mallory-Weiss syndrome — (Medicine) condition characterized by small tears in the esophagogastric junction (caused by frequent vomiting) …   English contemporary dictionary

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