Act of Settlement

Act of Settlement

Acte d'établissement

L’Acte d’Établissement, (en anglais Act of Settlement), est une loi anglaise promulguée par le Parlement de Westminster en 1701, qui garantissait la succession de la couronne d'Angleterre aux membres de la famille protestante de Hanovre qui était liée aux Stuarts par une fille de Jacques Ier.

Cette disposition visait à exclure l'intronisation d'un roi favorable au catholicisme et à couper la route du pouvoir au prétendant Jacques Francis Édouard Stuart catholique, que Louis XIV reconnut roi d'Angleterre en 1701, sous le nom de Jacques III.

Lorsque la reine Anne Stuart, la dernière des Stuarts protestants, mourut sans héritier, George, Électeur de Hanovre, devint roi de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande sous le nom de Georges Ier en 1714 en vertu des termes de l'Acte d'Établissement.

De nos jours, les dispositions anti-catholiques sont jugées obsolètes par beaucoup de personnalités du Royaume-Uni et du Commonwealth, plusieurs ayant proposé de les abroger, dont Cormac Murphy-O'Connor, Thomas Winning, Tony O'Donohue et Michael Howard.

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