Nayanar

Nayanar
Shiva et ses sectateurs

Les Nayanar ou Nayanmar étaient des poètes religieux shivaïstes du Tamil Nadu, en Inde, qui furent actifs entre le Ve siècle et le Xe siècle.

Sommaire

Présentation

L'hagiographie shivaïste tamoule Periya Puranam, l'un des volumes du Tirumurai, écrit durant le XIIIe siècle, raconte l'histoire de chacun des soixante-trois Nayanar, bien que ce nombre ait sans doute été choisi pour sa valeur symbolique.

L'hagiographie jaïne Mahapurana, un ouvrage en sanskrit du IXe siècle de Jinasena, qui liste soixante-trois saints jaïns, a probablement fourni la base du Periya Puranam ainsi que le nombre de Nayanar[1].

L'œuvre du VIIIe siècle de Cuntarar, Tiruttondar tokai, dresse la liste de soixante saints shivaïstesref>Dr R. Nagasamy. Siva Bhakthi. Chapter 2.</ref>, mais ne donne aucune des légendes qui leur sont associées. Au Xe siècle, Nambiyandar Nambi a composé le Tirrutontar Antati, en ajoutant Cuntarar lui-même et ses parents à la liste, créant ainsi le chiffre canonique de soixante-trois, avec de brefs aperçus des légendes correspondantes.

Les origines sociales des Nayanar étaient fort diverses, allant des rois et des soldats aux intouchables. Les Nayanar les plus en vue étaient Appar, Cuntarar et Campantar. Avec les douze Alvar vishnouïtes, les Nayanar étaient parfois considérés comme faisant partie des « 75 apôtres de la Bhakti » de l'Inde du Sud du fait de leur importance dans la montée du mouvement hindou de la Bhakti.

Les soixante-trois Nayanmars

  1. Anaya
  2. Adipaththa
  3. Aiyadigal Kaadavarkon, Pallava King Aiyadigal Perumaanaar
  4. Amaraneedi Nayanar
  5. Appudhi Adigal
  6. Arivattaya
  7. Chandeshvara Nayanar
  8. Dhandiyadigal
  9. Enatinatha
  10. Eripaththa
  11. Eyarkon Kalikkaama
  12. Gananatha
  13. Idankazhi
  14. Ilayankudi maranar
  15. Isaignaniyaar (femme)
  16. Iyarpagaiar
  17. Kaari
  18. Kalikkamba
  19. Kaliya
  20. Kanampulla
  21. Kannappa Nayanar
  22. Karaikkal Ammeiyar (femme)
  23. Kazharchinga
  24. Kazharir-rarivaar, roi Chera, également Cheraman Perumal
  25. Kochengat Cholan, un roi Chola
  26. Kootruva
  27. Kotpuli
  28. Kulachchirai
  29. Kungiliyak Kalaya
  30. Manakkanychaara Nayanar
  31. Mangayarkkarachiyar (femme)
  32. Meiporul Nayanar
  33. Murkha
  34. Murti
  35. Munayaduvaar
  36. Muruga
  37. Nami Nandi Adigal
  38. Narasingha Munayaraya
  39. Nesa Nayanar
  40. Ninra Seer Nedumaara
  41. Perumizhalaik Kurumba
  42. Pusalar
  43. Pugal Chola, un roi Chola
  44. Pugazh Thunai Nayanar
  45. Saakkiya
  46. Sadaiya Nayanar
  47. Saththi
  48. Seruthtunai
  49. Sirappuli
  50. Siruttonda
  51. Somaachi
  52. Sundarar
  53. TirugnaanaSambandar
  54. Tirukkuripput Tonda
  55. Tirumular
  56. Thirunalai Povar Nayanar, connu sous son nom populaire de Nandanar
  57. Tirunavukkarasar, connu aussi sous son nom populaire de Appar
  58. Thiruneelakandar
  59. Tirunilakanda Yaazpaana
  60. Tirunilanakka
  61. Uruttira Pasupati
  62. Vaayilaar
  63. Viralminda nayanar

Annexes

Références

  1. N.Subramaniam, Social and Cultural History of Tamilnad (to AD 1336), Ennes Publication Udumalpet 642 128, 1975 

Bibliographie

Articles connexes

Liens externes


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Contenu soumis à la licence CC-BY-SA. Source : Article Nayanar de Wikipédia en français (auteurs)

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Regardez d'autres dictionnaires:

  • Nayanar — can refer to: Nayanars, Shaivite saints from Tamil Nadu, India. Nayanar (Nair Subcaste), an honorific title used by certain clans of Nair caste from the north Malabar region of Kerala, India. Nayanar, title used by Isai Vellalar of Tamil Nadu E.… …   Wikipedia

  • Nayanar (Nair subcaste) — For other uses of the name, see Nayanar (disambiguation). Nayanar Classification Aristocracy, Feudatory, Landlord Religions Hinduism Languages Malayalam Populated States Kasaragod, Kannur Subdivisions Nambiar, Samanta Kshatriya …   Wikipedia

  • Nāyanār — ▪ Tamil poet musician       any of the Tamil poet musicians of the 7th and 8th centuries AD who composed devotional hymns of great beauty in honour of the Hindu god Śiva (Shiva). The images of the poets Ñānacampantar, Appar, and Cuntaramūrtti… …   Universalium

  • E. K. Nayanar — Infobox Indian politician name = E. K. Nayanar name at the time of birth = caption = birth date =birth date|1919|12|9|mf=y birth place =Kalyassery, Kannur, Kerala residence = office = Former Chief Minister of Kerala constituency =Palakkad,… …   Wikipedia

  • Meiporul Nayanar — File:MeiporulNayanar.jpg Meiporul Nayanar was a pious king. He is one of the 63 nayanmar’s of saivism. He ruled over the hill tribes of Sethi. He was chivalrous and brave. He fought many battles and was always victorious. To him Siva and his… …   Wikipedia

  • Nesa Nayanar — An article related to Hinduism …   Wikipedia

  • Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar — (1861 14th November 1914) was a Malayali journalist, essay writer, critic and short story writer. One of the pioneers in these fields in Kerala, Nayanar was born in an aristocratic Nair family known as Vengayil in Chirackal Thaluk, North Malabar …   Wikipedia

  • Manakkanychaara Nayanar — was one of the 63 Nayanmars of the Saivite faith of South India. He lived in the village of Kancharur in the Chola kingdom during the eighth century CE. He belonged to the Vellala cast and was a hereditory commander in the Chola Military of Chola …   Wikipedia

  • Kannappa Nayanar — or Kannappan was one of the 63 Nayanmars or holy Saivite saints, the staunch devotees of Lord Shiva. The Periyapuranam compiled by Sekkizhar and also the Tiruthhthondar Thogai by the poet saint Sundarar enlists the 63 Nayanars. Birth and Life… …   Wikipedia

  • Chandeshvara Nayanar — Chandeshvara Chandesha or Canda o …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”